Gestational Diabetes Diet

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Gestational diabetes diet and how to manage it? If your body does not produce insulin in large quantities to process blood sugars in the body during pregnancy, then you can have gestational diabetes. Your doctor will advise you to diet to manage your diet and not reduce it. This special diet must be monitored by an obstetrician and nutritionist. Diabetes during pregnancy can be causes obesity in children.

Gestational Diabetes Diet Rules

The following provisions for gestational diabetes diet:

1. The need for calories will be calculated based on gestational age, weight and height, activity, body temperature, metabolic disorders, the amount and composition of carbohydrates, protein and fat needed by the body. It is adapted to the body's ability to use it.
2. Avoid starvation conditions to prevent the sugar levels in the body decreases dramatically because these conditions are at particular risk of hypoglycemia (decrease in blood sugar levels drastically) which is characterized by weakness, sweating and fainting.
3. Eat every 3 hours (Total 6 meals a day).  3 main meals and 3 times a snack.
4. Consuming large amounts of fiber, especially soluble fiber such as pectin water (found in apples), nuts and seeds are not fried.
5. Reduce sugary foods and eat or drink that use artificial sweeteners.
6. Reduce consumption of flour, milk and margarine because your body fat excess blood.
7. Eat foods with carbohydrate composition to 60-70 %, 10-15 % protein and 20-25 % fat of total calories a day.
8. Foods with 70-75 % carbohydrate composition can still give good results and still be in tolerance. Total cholesterol content suggested less than 300 mg/day and the amount of fiber 25 grams/day.
9. To control blood sugar can be given insulin

Gestational diabetes is a condition that should be taken seriously. Therefore, consult your doctor and dietitian to control your blood sugar so your condition during pregnancy will be fine.

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication that attacks the retina or lens of the eye. The effects of diabetic retinopathy may vary from normal to impaired vision to permanent blindness. If you are still in early stages of normal vision disorders, the most appropriate treatment that can be used is the coagulation technique, this technique is proven to help reduce visual impairment experienced by diabetics. Therefore, while still in regular stage visual impairment, patients are advised to immediately perform routine eye examinations that vision disorders can be resolved quickly.

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Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy

The symptom of diabetic retinopathy is very difficult to detect. This is due to visual impairment experienced by patients are very similar to visual impairment experienced by normal people. Its effect is the same, namely the vision to be reduced so that the patient will often mutually glass to reduce disturbance. This way for a while will be a little help for the patient. But keep in mind that visual impairment linked to increased levels of blood sugar would be better addressed by coagulation techniques.

In this case the use of coagulation techniques is considered highly effective in reducing visual impairment in people with diabetes, especially if the condition is still mild. However, if the condition of chronic disturbances due to delays in the eye examination, then the use of coagulation techniques will not be able to repair the eye damage occurs. In other words, the damage will lead to permanent blindness. Sign of diabetes

Causes of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is caused due to an increase in blood sugar levels that will lead to a narrowing of the blood vessels so that blood pressure had risen.

Increased blood pressure can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Narrowing of the blood vessels will cause a reduction in the intake of nutrients and oxygen to certain organs. One of the vital organs are disturbed is the eyepiece.

Prevention of diabetic Retinopathy

The most effective way to prevent this is to always maintain stable blood sugar levels, either by increasing physical activity, increase consumption of foods containing fiber and manage your diet. In addition, medical treatment is also needed for medical treatment is an effective way to maintain stable blood sugar levels, although not yet able to cope until the cause of this disease.

By providing prevention and appropriate treatment for people with diabetes, especially for diabetic retinopathy, it will prevent the occurrence of severe conditions such as mortality and the incidence of other diseases that accompany it.

Signs of Diabetes

Symptoms and signs of diabetes are important to know because it is most closely related to the proper handling. Diabetes is often called the silent killer because it has a vague symptom. The best way to be sure is to do a blood sugar test. But if you have signs such as the following, immediately consult your health care center or doctor. 

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The Signs Of Diabetes: 

1. Frequent Urination and Excessive Thirst

You often wake up night to urinate can be a sign of diabetes symptoms. In this condition, the kidneys work actively to remove excess blood glucose through the urine so that you will urinate, especially at night. While excessive thirst is the body's response to fill fluids lost due to frequent urination.

2. Losing Weight

High blood sugar levels can cause drastic weight loss because the hormone insulin is not able to distribute glucose into body cells to be used as energy so that the body begins to break down muscle protein for use as an alternative energy. This will cause a drastic decrease in muscle mass and causing the lose weight.

3. Often Feel Hungry

Excessive hunger is another sign of diabetes. It occurs due to high blood sugar levels but can not be absorbed by the body cells to be used in metabolic processes. This condition is also called polyphagia.

4. Color Skin Becomes Dark

Dry and itchy skin conditions as well as the appearance of dark black spots on the skin is another sign of diabetes. Examples such as acanthosis-nigricans is darkening of the skin around the neck or armpits. Darkening of the skin is due to the insulin that the body react so much produce pigment.

5. Healing Old Wounds

One of the easiest ways to identify diabetes is to see that there are wounds on his body. Infections, cuts and bruises that do not heal is another sign of diabetes. This happens because the veins and arteries damaged by the high amount of glucose in the blood. These conditions make it difficult to reach areas of blood being injured to support the wound healing process.

6. Easy Fatigue

People who have high blood sugar levels will generally feel that's your condition tired and exhausted. If the body begins to feel tired easily with activities that are not too much is a sign of the presence of a disease in the body. This needs to be aware and could be one of the early symptoms of diabetes.

7. Weakened Eyesight

If the power of one's eyesight had begun to decline and not due to aging, then this is indicated as a symptom of diabetes due to increased blood glucose levels around the eyepiece. This condition is reversible nature (to be back to normal) when blood sugar levels back to normal. But if uncontrolled blood sugar levels will cause permanent damage to the eye and can lead to blindness.

8. Damage to nerve function

The decline in nerve function could be seen from the onset of tingling and numbness in the hands and feet together with less pain as burning or swelling. If left unchecked this condition will cause nerve damage (neuropathy) permanent.

Read to: type 1 diabetes 

Awareness to Sign of Diabetes 

Signs of diabetes above are a sign that we can use as a reference in determining the likelihood of developing diabetes or not. But to get a more accurate result is highly recommended to check the blood sugar to your doctor or other health professional. This will provide definitive and accurate results and can give an idea about the proper handling according to the type of diabetes and the condition of the patient as there are some patients have a certain resistance or allergy to the drug to be administered. So it should be more careful. And please note that the condition of normal blood glucose was 99 mg/dL, while the blood sugar levels between 100-125 mg/dL can be categorized as pre-diabetic condition, for blood glucose levels above 126 mg/dL can be considered diabetes. Signs of diabetes in the above may be a reference for us to detect it early on diabetes disease and diabetic retinopathy.

Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood, whether it is caused by a decrease in insulin production as well as the body's resistance against both or a combination of both. In general, diabetes is divided into two, namely diabetes type 1 and type 2. In this article will discuss the diabetes type 1. 

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Type 1 diabetes or often also known as diabetes juvenile because generally attack patients under the age of 40 years. Diabetes type 1 is categorized as a result of the presence of systemic disorders of glucose metabolism disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The situation is caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells by either autoimmune or idiopathic processes that reduced insulin production even stalled.

How to prevent diabetes type 2?

Insulin is a hormone disorder on the basis of the symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Insulin is produced in the pancreas which is located near the liver and plays a role in removing and storing hormone insulin is the body's fuel is produced in accordance with the "order" means the levels can go up and down depending on the needs.

Under normal conditions, the immune system protects the body from bacteria and viral attacks are harmful to the body. However, this condition is different for people with type 1 diabetes , with no definite reason the immune system attacks and destroys pancreatic beta cells, resulting in inhibition of the production of the hormone insulin. For comparison, normal pancreas to produce 31 units of insulin per day, while patients with type 1 diabetes produce only 0-4 units per day, so they need extra insulin from the outside.

Diabetes type 1 occurs when the body lacks insulin, so blood sugar levels rise above normal. Insulin has a function to absorb nutrients and sugar in the blood, and then distribute them to the various cells of the body to be used as an energy source.

Because the insulin that is produced in small quantities or even none at all, resulting in an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) and cells of the body is not getting enough energy intake. These conditions will lead to:

Dehydration

With high levels of sugar in the blood will increase the amount of urination as a reaction to reduce sugar levels. When the blood sugar out with urine, automatically the body will lack a lot of fluid, which causes dehydration.

Losing Weight

Glucose in the blood is a source of energy for the body because it contains a lot of nutrients and calories needed by the body, nutrition is very useful for this body wasted with urine, so that people with type 1 diabetes will experience drastic weight loss.

Body Damage

High levels of sugar in the blood will cause damage to body tissues. This condition will also damage the small blood vessels in the eyes, kidneys and heart. So that people with diabetes are at high risk of heart attack and stroke.

Causes of Diabetes Type 1 

Experts and doctors have yet to find the exact cause of type 1 diabetes . But certainly genetic factors (heredity) is suspected to be the main cause though most children with type 1 diabetes  do not have a history of diabetes in the family. Someone who has a particular gene is more susceptible to this type 1 diabetes. This gene is active when influenced by environmental factors such as exposure to toxins or rat. Enterovirus is the originator of the clearest and most frequently studied, one of them on the disease Hand, foot and mouth and polio. Suspected viruses alter the gene so that the gene to produce antibodies that attack the bodies own or called auto-antibody.

Type 1 diabetes Symptoms

The type 1 diabetes symptoms are:

1. Often feel hungry, especially after eating
2. Often feel thirsty
3. Dry mouth
4. Nausea until vomiting
5. The loss of weight for no apparent reason
6. Fatigue
7. The reduced ability of vision
8. Injury or infection of the urinary tract or skin
9. Breathing rapidly
10. Upset stomach

Handle Type 1 Diabetes 

Diabetes is a disease that will not disappear and can not be cured only can we control, the key is to keep blood glucose levels in order to remain at a normal level. These conditions can be achieved by adjusting thediet/healthy diet, implementing a healthy lifestyle, exercise, and insulin therapy. Patients with type 1 diabetes should get therapy in the form of regular insulin injections because the pancreas is unable to produce insulin which is needed by the body.

People with type 1 diabetes should check their blood sugar levels on a regular basis, so as to determine the diet or applying a proper diet, exercise type and amount of insulin needed.

Diet Food for Diabetes Mellitus

Diet Food for Diabetes Mellitus 

For those of you who have not been sentenced to suffer from diabetes mellitus - but have a genetic risk - recommended to control blood sugar condition to the hospital on a regular basis (at least once every 6 months), and then maintain the quality of life by adopting a healthy lifestyle and diet to suit the nutritional needs required for diabetics.

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As for you who are already diagnosed with diabetes, you should immediately implement a special diet for diabetics. By applying a special diet for people with diabetes, then you can adjust the intake of calories into the body and quantify the amount of nutrition that is appropriate to the need for one meal.

Special diets in calculating the amount of intake of nutrients needed by diabetics is adjusted to body weight, height, and gender.

Diabetic diet is generally applied to the amount or eats in small portions but frequently. For example, the main meals 3 times a day and interspersed with 3 meals in the form of fruits or snacks calorie content as needed. The distance between pauses to eat that can be used between 2 to 3 hours. Diet for diabetics’ calorie content of each food should be tailored to the needs of the patient, because each patient has different needs in content and benefits of the nutrients and calories. Therefore, it is the primary cause for doing a special diet for diabetics with diabetes still meets the standards and needs of the nutrients needed by the body. For more details, you can consult with a physician who has expertise in this field. 

Counting the Number of Calories

For women who indicated diabetes, on average they need about 1500 calories intake. The assumption was; 5 tablespoons of rice, 2 types of side dishes (1 animal - 1 vegetable), plus a bowl of vegetables. This is the main menu every meal and consumed as much as three times a day.  At the time of the meal, usually interspersed with eating fruits such as one large piece of papaya, 1 apple, or 2 oranges for one meal.  At night can be increased by eating 1 cup of milk specifically for diabetes. Prior to consume milk, the better you consult your physician first in order to be adapted to your needs.

As for male diabetics need 1800-2000 calories. The assumption; 10 tablespoons of rice or potato, 3 side dishes (1 animal - 2 vegetable), and a bowl of vegetables. In between meals interspersed 2 number of fruit, 1 cup of milk and diabetes specials each night.

This special diet despite having the amount of food consumed in small portions, but this will not increase the amount of blood sugar, and will not affect the physical quality to support the daily activities. If a special diet to regulate the amount of calories and nutrients into your body gives a positive effect, then slowly you start to reduce the dose of drugs controlling blood sugar so that you will avoid the negative effects of diabetes medications, especially for those people with diabetes type 2 and knowing about the prevention. Even you also can live with having the exact same quality health with healthy people.

 

Diabetes During Pregnancy the Mother Thought that Causes Obesity in Children

Diabetes and Obesity

Diabetes during pregnancy are not treated well almost certainly result in a double risk for the offspring will be obese in childhood , but the treatment is performed by maternal hyperglycemia can fix , the researchers said . Examination of the previous record of 9,000 mother-child pairs showed that the risk of obesity in childhood increases the magnitude of hyperglycemia in the mother during pregnancy, said Teresa Hillier, MD, Kaiser Permanente Center for research Fellow in Child and Health. Knowing about diabetes, symptoms, causes and how to prevent it.

The researchers also found that immediate treatment of diabetes in pregnancy reduces the risk of obesity in children than women who do not care , reported in the September issue of the journal Diabetes Care. About Gestational Diabetes

"My advice for pregnant women is three times," said Dr. Hillier. "In the debate to discuss detection of gestational diabetes your doctor, usually between 24 and 28 weeks gestation; if you have diabetes during pregnancy, do the treatment with your doctor, and do the treatment closely during pregnancy. the best thing you should do is reduce the risk of obesity in children. 

"The authors found records of 9,439 mother - child, from the Kaiser Permanente facility in Hawaii and parts tenggaran Pacific. In both regions, universal screening for diabetes during pregnancy test carried out by oral glucose tolerance with a size of 50 g.

Positive women with diabetes after more tests proved for three hours with glocusa OGTT with a size of 50 g, were diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy, according to the criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group and Carpente and Coustan. 

Criteria Group National Diabetes Data must meet the following glucose levels at least two of the four measures based on test oral glucose tolerance:

• Fast: at least 5.8 mmol/L
• One hour: at least 10.5 mmol/L
• Two hours : at least 9.2 mmol/L
• Three hours : at least 8.0 mmol/L

Carpenter and Croustan criteria using a smaller reduction diagnosed:

•  Fast: at least 5.3 mmol/L
• One hour: at least 10 mmol/L
• Two hours: at least 8.6 mmol/L
• Three hours: at least 7.8 mmol/L

"According to this analysis, during 1995-2000, Kaiser Permanente NDDG criteria used to diagnose and treat diabetes mellitus during pregnancy, allowing us to measure the differences in treatment outcomes," the researchers wrote. "So how NDDG meets the criteria that treatment with diet or diet / insulin, but satisfy the criteria of Carpenter and Coustan just were not likely to be treated."

They used a measure of weight in children five to seven years to count certain genre according to weight as a percentage of the age, the use of terms (1963-1994 standard), and breaks provocation test positive maternal glucose (a value of 7.8 hours mmol/L or higher) and OGTT results ( one or two or more than four times the normal value).

They find that there is a positive trend towards an increase in childhood obesity at the age of five to seven years the increase in parallel with the increase in the range of glucose values ​​in women who are pregnant, and the percentage of glucose in women who are pregnant 85a and 95a significantly in comparison with the minimum percentage .

Moreover, when adjusted to the possibilities are factors including weight gain in women who are pregnant , age , parity , ethnicity and birth weight form , found that the normal risks associated with hyperglycemia persists .

"Most importantly , the increased risk of obesity in childhood diabetus mellitus who suffer when the mother was pregnant NDDG criteria ( which do care ) is not too noticeable after using various adjustments , because the risk of all levels of hyperglycemia based on the value of abnormal oral glucose test tolerenace remains high , "the researchers wrote.

The treatment of diabetes during pregnancy reduces the risk of obesity in children up one level compared with children whose mothers have narmoglycemian during pregnancy , according to the conclusions of the authors.

They suggested that one or more future occurrence of hyperglycemia in pregnant women may result in "metabolic imprinting " on the child in the womb, and glucose deviation in pregnant women during pregnancy, especially fast hyperglycemia growth, can be used as the initial signal risk of obesity in children children in the future . Later , they also conducted research to determine if diabetes during pregnancy and its treatment can cause varying risk factors for obesity in children.

The authors note that their study was limited to children who are still in the HMO to measure weight in children five to seven years, despite the possibility of a change in the composition of chance. They also said they had no data on maternal weight before pregnancy, and identity of women who suffer from diabetes mellitus is based once screening for diabetes during pregnancy in a given time.

This article is taken from http://naturindonesia.com and translated by permission.